Scales often used in studies of attitudes in which the raw scores are based on graded alternative responses to each of a series of questions. For example, the subject may be asked to indicate his or her degree of agreement with each of a series of statements relevant to the attitude. A number is attached to each possible response, e.g. 1 – strongly approve; 2 – approve; 3 -undecided; 4 – disapprove; 5 – strongly disapprove; and the sum of these is used as the composite score.